MultimediaWiki - User contributions [en]

User:Ivo

2009-12-26T16:14:03Z

Ivo: formatting

Ivo van Poorten

[mailto:ivop@euronet.nl E-Mail]

[http://ivop.free.fr/ Webpage]

[http://www.atariage.com/forums/blog/293-ivops-blog/ Blog]

User:Ivo

2009-12-26T16:11:33Z

Ivo: some links

Ivo van Poorten < ivop at euronet nl >
[http://ivop.free.fr/ Webpage]
[http://www.atariage.com/forums/blog/293-ivops-blog/ Blog]

Tiny Stuff

2008-05-13T19:37:44Z

Ivo: tn4, tn5, and tn6 are sometimes used as file extension

* Company: David Mumper
* Extensions: .tny, .tn1, .tn2, .tn3, .tn4, .tn5, .tn6

Tiny Stuff is an image compression format used on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST].
Here's the [http://ivop.free.fr/multimediawiki/TINY.S m68k assembly decompression routine] from the original Tiny Stuff 3.0 package.

16-bit words are stored in big-endian order.

__TOC__
==File format==

typedef tinystuff_file {
uint8_t resolution; /* 0 = low (320x200x16), 1 = medium (640x200x4), 2 = high (640x400x2) */
/* 3 = low and color animation is present, 4 = idem for medium, 5 = idem for high */
struct {
uint8_t animation_limits; /* High nibble = start limit, low nibble = end limit */
uint8_t animation_dirspeed; /* negative = left, positive = right, timebase 1/60 */
uint16_t duration; /* number of iterations */
} optional_animation_info; /* if resolution < 3, this is not present */

uint16_t palette[16];
uint16_t number_of_control_bytes;
uint16_t number_of_data_words;

uint8_t control_bytes[];
uint16_t data_words[];
} tinystuff_file;

==Decompression algorithm==

Unlike most other [[RLE]] variants, the control bytes and data are stored non-interleaved.

x refers to the current control byte, d and d+1 refer to the current and next data word:

x < 0 -x literal words
x == 0 d times d+1
x == 1 d literal words
x > 1 x times d

==Uncompressed data format==

The uncompressed data consists of four sets of 20 vertical columns. Each column is 16-bits wide.

for (set=0; set<4; set++)
for (column=set; column<80; column += 4)
for (scanline=0; scanline<200; scanline++) { }

Medium and high resolution data are handled as if they were low resolution.

[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]
[[Category:Image Formats]]

Photochrome

2008-05-13T11:14:41Z

Ivo: /* File layout */ typo

* Extensions: .pcs

'''Photochrome''' is an image format that uses palette switching and alternating two screens to display
more colors on the originally limitted graphics hardware of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST].

16-bit words are stored in big-endian order.

__TOC__
==File layout==

typedef struct {
uint16_t width; /* always 0x140 (320) */
uint16_t height; /* always 0xc8 (200) */
uint8_t screen_mode; /* 0 = single screen mode, bit 0 = xor screen data, bit 1 = xor palette data */
uint8_t frequency; /* 0 = 60Hz, 1 = 50Hz */
uint8_t screen_data1[]; /* compressed screen data */
uint8_t palettes1[]; /* compressed palettes */
uint8_t screen_data2[]; /* when screen_mode != 0 */
uint8_t palettes2[]; /* idem */
} photochrome_file;

==Image data==

The image data are stored as four separate bitplanes and compressed with
yet another [[RLE]] variant.

uint16_t number_of_control_bytes;

uint8_t x;

x < 0 : -x literal bytes follow
x == 0 : uint16_t y times uint8_t z
x == 1 : uint16_t y literal bytes
x > 1 : x times uint8_t y

==Palettes compression==

The palette compression algorithm is similar to that of the image data but works solely on 16-bit words.

uint16_t number_of_control_bytes;

uint8_t x;

x < 0 : -x literal 16-bit words follow
x == 0 : uint16_t y times uint16_t z
x == 1 : uint16_t y literal 16-bit words
x > 1 : x times uint16_t y

Each palette contains 16 colors. 200 scanlines and 3 palettes per scanline plus one final palette makes 9616 total palette entries.

==Palette selection==

Given an x-coordinate and a color index, returns the corresponding Photochrome palette index.

/* Based on code by Hans Wessels, Public Domain 2008
*/
int find_pcs_index(int x, int c) {
int x1 = 4 * c, index = c;

if (x >= x1) index += 16;
if (x >= x1+64+12 && c<14) index += 16;
if (x >= 132+16 && c==14) index += 16;
if (x >= 132+20 && c==15) index += 16;

x1 = 10 * c - (c&1) * 6;

if (x >= 176+x1 && c<14) index += 16;

return index;
}

[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]
[[Category:Image Formats]]

Photochrome

2008-05-13T11:14:19Z

Ivo: describe file format

* Extensions: .pcs

'''Photochrome''' is an image format that uses palette switching and alternating two screens to display
more colors on the originally limitted graphics hardware of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST].

16-bit words are stored in big-endian order.

__TOC__
==File layout==

typedef struct {
uint16_t width; /* always 0x140 (320) */
uint16_t height; /* alwats 0xc8 (200) */
uint8_t screen_mode; /* 0 = single screen mode, bit 0 = xor screen data, bit 1 = xor palette data */
uint8_t frequency; /* 0 = 60Hz, 1 = 50Hz */
uint8_t screen_data1[]; /* compressed screen data */
uint8_t palettes1[]; /* compressed palettes */
uint8_t screen_data2[]; /* when screen_mode != 0 */
uint8_t palettes2[]; /* idem */
} photochrome_file;

==Image data==

The image data are stored as four separate bitplanes and compressed with
yet another [[RLE]] variant.

uint16_t number_of_control_bytes;

uint8_t x;

x < 0 : -x literal bytes follow
x == 0 : uint16_t y times uint8_t z
x == 1 : uint16_t y literal bytes
x > 1 : x times uint8_t y

==Palettes compression==

The palette compression algorithm is similar to that of the image data but works solely on 16-bit words.

uint16_t number_of_control_bytes;

uint8_t x;

x < 0 : -x literal 16-bit words follow
x == 0 : uint16_t y times uint16_t z
x == 1 : uint16_t y literal 16-bit words
x > 1 : x times uint16_t y

Each palette contains 16 colors. 200 scanlines and 3 palettes per scanline plus one final palette makes 9616 total palette entries.

==Palette selection==

Given an x-coordinate and a color index, returns the corresponding Photochrome palette index.

/* Based on code by Hans Wessels, Public Domain 2008
*/
int find_pcs_index(int x, int c) {
int x1 = 4 * c, index = c;

if (x >= x1) index += 16;
if (x >= x1+64+12 && c<14) index += 16;
if (x >= 132+16 && c==14) index += 16;
if (x >= 132+20 && c==15) index += 16;

x1 = 10 * c - (c&1) * 6;

if (x >= 176+x1 && c<14) index += 16;

return index;
}

[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]
[[Category:Image Formats]]

Photochrome

2008-05-13T10:37:37Z

Ivo: basic description

* Company:
* Extensions: .pcs

'''Photochrome''' is an image format that uses palette switching and alternating screens to display
more colors on the originally limitted graphics hardware of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST].

16-bit words are stored in big-endian order.

__TOC__

[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]
[[Category:Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:58:14Z

Ivo: /* AIFF */ describe markers

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCCs of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF]] || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMM]] || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.INST]] || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MARK]] || || Marker
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.SSND]] || || Sound Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MIDI]] || || Midi Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMT]] || || Extended Comment
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][ gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===AIFF===

AIFF provides a standard for storing sampled sounds.

* COMM

typedef struct {
int16_t numChannels; /* 1 = mono, 2 = stereo, 4 = four channels, et cetera */
uint32_t numSampleFrames; /* one Sample Frame consists of numChannels samples */
int16_t sampleSize; /* 1 .. 32 bits */
uint8_t sampleRate[10]; /* 80-bit ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985 Floating Point */
} COMM_data;

* SSND

typedef struct {
uint32_t offset; /* offset into SoundData[]; used for block-aligned sound data; mostly 0 */
uint32_t blockSize; /* mostly 0; used in conjunction with offset for block-aligned data */
uint8_t SoundData[];
} SSND_data;

Sample points are signed and stored, left-shifted to a multiple of eight bits. The padding bits are zeroed. Multi-channel audio is interleaved sample by sample.

1.. 8 bits --> 1 byte
9..16 bits --> 2 bytes
17..24 bits --> 3 bytes
25..32 bits --> 4 bytes

Multi-channel audio conventions:

{| border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
! colspan="7" | channels
|-
! || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6
|-
! stereo
| left || right || || || ||
|-
! 3 channels
| left || right || center || || ||
|-
! quad
| front left || front right || rear left || rear right || ||
|-
! 4 channels
| left || center || right || surround || ||
|-
! 6 channels
| left || left center || center || right || right center || surround
|}

* MARK

Markers can be used e.g. for instrument loops.

typedef struct {
uint16_t numMarkers;
struct {
uint16_t id; /* any 16-bit value, but not the same as a previous marker */
uint32_t position; /* relative to the start of the sample; units = SampleFrames */
char markerName[]; /* Pascal-style string, i.e. length + length characters */
} Markers[];
}

* INST

* MIDI

* COMT

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:50:17Z

Ivo: /* AIFF */ COMM and SSND

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCCs of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF]] || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMM]] || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.INST]] || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MARK]] || || Marker
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.SSND]] || || Sound Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MIDI]] || || Midi Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMT]] || || Extended Comment
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][ gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===AIFF===

AIFF provides a standard for storing sampled sounds.

* COMM

typedef struct {
int16_t numChannels; /* 1 = mono, 2 = stereo, 4 = four channels, et cetera */
uint32_t numSampleFrames; /* one Sample Frame consists of numChannels samples */
int16_t sampleSize; /* 1 .. 32 bits */
uint8_t sampleRate[10]; /* 80-bit ANSI/IEEE Std 754-1985 Floating Point */
} COMM_data;

* SSND

typedef struct {
uint32_t offset; /* offset into SoundData[]; used for block-aligned sound data; mostly 0 */
uint32_t blockSize; /* mostly 0; used in conjunction with offset for block-aligned data */
uint8_t SoundData[];
} SSND_data;

Sample points are signed and stored, left-shifted to a multiple of eight bits. The padding bits are zeroed. Multi-channel audio is interleaved sample by sample.

1.. 8 bits --> 1 byte
9..16 bits --> 2 bytes
17..24 bits --> 3 bytes
25..32 bits --> 4 bytes

Multi-channel audio conventions:

{| border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
! colspan="7" | channels
|-
! || 1 || 2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6
|-
! stereo
| left || right || || || ||
|-
! 3 channels
| left || right || center || || ||
|-
! quad
| front left || front right || rear left || rear right || ||
|-
! 4 channels
| left || center || right || surround || ||
|-
! 6 channels
| left || left center || center || right || right center || surround
|}

* MARK

* INST

* MIDI

* COMT

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:24:39Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ typo

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCCs of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF]] || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMM]] || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.INST]] || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MARK]] || || Marker
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.SSND]] || || Sound Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MIDI]] || || Midi Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMT]] || || Extended Comment
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][ gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===AIFF===

AIFF provides a standard for storing sampled sounds.

* COMM

* SSND

* MARK

* INST

* MIDI

* COMT

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:21:13Z

Ivo: AIFF description stub

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF]] || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMM]] || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.INST]] || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MARK]] || || Marker
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.SSND]] || || Sound Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.MIDI]] || || Midi Data
|-
| [[#AIFF|AIFF.COMT]] || || Extended Comment
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][ gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===AIFF===

AIFF provides a standard for storing sampled sounds.

* COMM

* SSND

* MARK

* INST

* MIDI

* COMT

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:12:23Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ AIFF MARK

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| AIFF.COMM || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| AIFF.INST || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| AIFF.MARK || || Marker
|-
| AIFF.SSND || || Sound Data
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:11:09Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ AIFF INST, and ASIF INST

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| AIFF.COMM || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| AIFF.INST || || Instrument, sustain and release
|-
| AIFF.SSND || || Sound Data
|-
| ASIF || || Apple ][gs Sampled Instrument Format
|-
| ASIF.INST || || Instrument
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:06:28Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ add COMM and SSND

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| AIFF.COMM || || Channels, samples/frame, samplesize and samplerate
|-
| AIFF.SSND || || Sound Data
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T11:00:18Z

Ivo: /* ACBM and ABIT */ link BODY

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to ILBM except that the [[#BODY|BODY]] chunk is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T10:57:05Z

Ivo: describe ACBM and ABIT

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM]] || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| [[#ACBM and ABIT|ACBM.ABIT]] || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ACBM and ABIT===

ACBM is similar to [[#ILBM|ILBM]] except that the body is replaced by an ABIT chunk.

An ABIT chunk conains non-interleaved, plane-by-plane planar image data. This format was conceived because it hugely sped up loading and saving screens from AmigaBasic.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T10:53:13Z

Ivo: ABIT is ACBM body

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| ACBM.ABIT || || Amiga Bitplanes
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T00:26:21Z

Ivo: /* SEQN and FADE */ special VHDR values

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned and are relative to the start of the High Octave voice */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

'''oneShotHiSamples''' should be set to 0 and '''repeatHiSamples''' should be equal to the waveform length (divided by two if CHAN defines it as stereo).

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T00:22:42Z

Ivo: describe SEQN and FADE

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN and PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN and FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN and PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SEQN and FADE===

SEQN chunks define a sequence of segments within the voice waveform that should be played in order. This way, parts of the waveform can be played multiple times.

int number_of_segments = chunk_size / 8;

typedef struct {
struct {
uint32_t segment_start; /* offsets must be 32-bits aligned */
uint32_t segment_end;
} segments[number_of_segments];
} SEQN_data;

The FADE chunks defines when the sound has to slowly fade-out to silence.

typedef struct {
uint32_t segment; /* start fade-out at this segment */
} FADE_data;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-05T00:09:40Z

Ivo: describe CHAN.PAN

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| [[#CHAN.PAN|8SVX.CHAN.PAN]] || || Stereo chunks
|-
| [[#SEQN.FADE|8SVX.SEQN.FADE]] || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CHAN.PAN===

The optional CHAN chunk gives information about the sample type.

typedef int32_t sampletype; /* 2 = left, play mono sample left
* 4 = right, play mono sample right
* 6 = stereo, the BODY contains two channels, left first */

The optional PAN chunk makes it possible to pan a mono sample.

typedef int32_t sposition; /* 0 = right, 0x8000 = center, 0x10000 = left */

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:58:48Z

Ivo: /* ATAK and RLSE */ multiple chunks for full ADSR envelope

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume. Multiple ATAK and RLSE chunks can be used to create a full ADSR (Attack, Decay, Sustain, Release) envelope.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:56:24Z

Ivo: /* ATAK and RLSE */ one-line description

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

Gradually in- or decrease VHDR's volume.

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:53:18Z

Ivo: move ATAK and RLSE up to 8SVX and describe them

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.ATAK]] || || Attack Envelope
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| [[#ATAK and RLSE|8SVX.RLSE]] || || Release Envelope
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===ATAK and RLSE===

typedef struct {
uint16_t duration; /* in milliseconds */
int32_t dest; /* destination volume, 0 = off, 0x10000 = max */
} EGPoint;

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:47:51Z

Ivo: /* BODY */ separate ilbm and 8svx body; describe fibo delta compression

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

* ILBM BODY

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

* 8SVX BODY

The BODY contains data samples grouped by octave, the highest octave first. Each sample is an 8-bit signed number.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

====Fibonacci Delta Compression====

This is a lossy data compression. It resembles traditional delta encoding, but stores the delta value in 4-bits. Small delta's are encoded exact, large
delta's are approximated.

The bitstream format:

uint8_t pad;
uint8_t initial_value;
uint8_t data[]; /* i.e. two codes/nibbles per byte */

Four bit LUT:

int8_t codeToDelta[16] = {
-34, -21, -13, -8, -5, -3, -2, -1,
0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21
};

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:35:42Z

Ivo: /* VHDR */ sample --> waveform

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave waveform.
Each following octave waveform is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:34:44Z

Ivo: /* VHDR */ intro not preformatted

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave sample.
Each following sample is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:34:13Z

Ivo: describe VHDR

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

===VHDR===

A Voice holds waveform data for one or more octaves. The one-shot part is played once and the repeat part is looped.
The sum of '''oneShotHiSamples''' and '''repeatHiSamples''' is the full length of the highest octave sample.
Each following sample is twice as long as the previous one.

typedef struct {
uint32_t oneShotHiSamples; /* length of highest octave one-short part */
uint32_t repeatHiSamples; /* length of highest octave repeat part */
uint32_t samplesPerHiCycle; /* frequency */
uint16_t samplesPerSec; /* samplerate */
uint8_t ctOctave; /* number of octaves of waveforms */
uint8_t sCompression; /* 0 = none, 1 = Fibonacci Delta Encoding */
int32_t volume; /* 0 = silent, 0x10000 = max */
} Voice8Header;

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:24:36Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ link VHDR

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| [[#VHDR|8SVX.VHDR]] || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-04T23:23:55Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ move VHDR to 8SVX where it belongs

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| 8SVX.VHDR || || Voice Header
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

User:Ivo

2008-05-04T23:21:23Z

Ivo: email

Ivo van Poorten < ivop at euronet nl >

Doodle

2008-05-03T18:08:28Z

Ivo: categories: image file formats --> image formats

* Company: unknown
* Extensions: .doo

'''Doodle''' files were used on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST].
All '''Doodle''' files are 32000 bytes long and contain a raw uncompressed dump of the computer's video memory.
Originally it was only used for ''high resolution'' (640x400) monochrome images, but third party software also allowed ''low resolution'' (320x200x16)
and ''medium resolution'' (640x200x4) images to be saved as '''.doo''' files.

The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atari_ST Atari ST] video memory is planar and stored like this:

[[Image:Atarist_lowres.png]]

''Medium resolution'' has two planes and ''high resolution'' has one plane.

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

Doodle

2008-05-03T18:06:49Z

Ivo: describe doodle format

IFF

2008-05-03T16:23:28Z

Ivo: describe CCRT and CRNG

* Extensions: 8svx, 16sv, ilbm, anim
* MIME Types:
** 8svx: audio/8svx, audio/x-8svx
** 16sv: audio/16sv, audio/x-16sv
** ilbm: image/ilbm, image/x-ilbm
** anim: video/anim, video/x-anim
* Specification:
**[http://www.szonye.com/bradd/iff.html Original Electronic Arts specification] january 14 1985.

IFF (Interchange File Format) is a format developed by electronic arts in the 80's. It is the predominant format on the Amiga computer. It is a [[chunked format]]. It can be used to store any type of data, but it is predominantly used to store images, animations and audio.

__TOC__
==Implementations==

* [http://www.xinehq.de xine] has a demuxer/decoder for iff. Manfred Tremmel the author of the xine code has agreed to relicence his xine code as LGPL to allow easier use in ffmpeg. Thanks Manfred.
* Werner Randelshofer the author of [http://www.randelshofer.ch/multishow/ multishow] has also granted permission for his iff code to be relicenced as LGPL. Thanks Werner.
* Xanim also contains code to support iff, it may contain some formats not available in xine.
* libiffanim supports lots of animation formats http://www-user.tu-chemnitz.de/~womar/projects/iffanim/
* Virtualdub contains a demuxer/decoder also, look in the file InputFileANIM.cpp

==Generic Chunk Format==

typedef struct {
char FOURCC[4];
int32_t chunk_size;
uint8_t data[size];
} IFF_chunk;

IFF chunks are always padded to an even number of bytes. The possible padding byte is ''not'' included in '''chunk_size'''.

Example of a chunked IFF file:

{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| FORM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| ILBM
{| cellspacing="1" border="1" cellpadding="8"
|-
| BMHD
|-
| CMAP
|-
| BODY
|}
|}
|}

==Table Of Chunks==

Note: FOURCC's of less than four characters are padded with spaces.

{| border="1" cellpadding="4"
|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Group Identifiers
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CAT || EA85 ||
|-
| END || unofficial || END-of-FORM identifier (see Amiga RKM Devices Ed. 3 page 376)
|-
| FORM || EA85 ||
|-
| LIST || EA85 ||
|-
| PROP || EA85 ||
|-
| TREE || || Storage of arbitrary data structures like trees and nested lists

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Text, annotations, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| (c) || EA85 || Copyright
|-
| ANNO || EA85 || Annotation
|-
| AUTH || EA85 || Author
|-
| CHRS || EA85 || Character String
|-
| CSET || || Character Set
|-
| FTXT || EA85 || Formatted Text
|-
| FVER || || Amiga OS Version String
|-
| HLID || private || HotLink IDentification (Soft-Logik)
|-
| JUNK || || Ignore
|-
| NAME || EA85 || Title of image, music, ...
|-
| OCMP || EA85, reserved || Computer Property
|-
| OCPU || EA85, reserved || CPU Property
|-
| OPGM || EA85, reserved || Program Property
|-
| OSN || EA85, reserved || Serial Number Property
|-
| PTXT || private, reserved ||
|-
| TEXT || EA85 || Unformatted ASCII Text
|-
| UNAM || EA85, reserved || Username Property
|-
| VERS || || File Version Number

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Graphics Forms
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ACBM || || Amiga Contiguous Bitmap (AmigaBasic)
|-
| CHBM || private || Chunky Bitmap
|-
| DCCL || private || DCTV Paint Clip
|-
| DCPA || private || DCTV Paint Palette
|-
| DCTV || private || DCTV Raw Picture
|-
| DEEP || || Chunky Pixel Image Files (TV Paint)
|-
| DR2D || || 2D Object, Vector Graphics
|-
| DRAW || reserved || Jim Bayless, 12/90
|-
| DSDR || private || DrawStudio
|-
| GRYP || proposal || Byteplane Storage
|-
| ILBM || EA85 || Raster Bitmap Form
|-
| ILBM.* || || See ILBM Chunks below
|-
| OB3D || proposal || 3D Object
|-
| PBM || || 256-Color Chunky Pixel
|-
| PICS || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PICS.PICT || EA85, reserved || Macintosh Picture
|-
| PLBM || EA85, reserved || Obsolete
|-
| RGB4 || private || 4-bit RGB
|-
| RGB8 || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBN || || RGB Image, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| RGBX || private, reserved ||
|-
| SC3D || private || 3D Scene, Sculpt-3D
|-
| TDDD || || 3D Rendering Data, Turbo Silver (Impulse)
|-
| YUVN || || YUV Image Data, MacroSystems

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | ILBM Chunks
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 3DCM || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| 3DPA || reserved || by Haitex
|-
| ABIT || || ACBM Body
|-
| ASDG || private || ASDG Application
|-
| BHBA || private || Photon Paint (brushes)
|-
| BHCP || private || Photon Paint (screens)
|-
| BHSM || private || Photon Paint
|-
| [[#BMHD|BMHD]] || EA85 || ILBM Bitmap Header
|-
| [[#BODY|BODY]] || EA85 || Image Data
|-
| [[#CAMG|CAMG]] || || Amiga Viewport Modes
|-
| [[#CCRT|CCRT]] || || Graphicraft Color Cycling
|-
| CLUT || || Color Lookup Table
|-
| [[#CMAP|CMAP]] || EA85 || 8-bit RGB Color Map (packed array of ColorRegisters)
|-
| CMYK || || CMYK Color Map (Soft-Logik)
|-
| CNAM || || Color Naming Chunk, providex names for CMAP and/or CMYK (Soft-Logik)
|-
| [[#CRNG|CRNG]] || || Color Cycling
|-
| CTBL.DYCP || || Newtek Dynamic Ham Color
|-
| DCOL || unofficial || Direct Color
|-
| DCTV || reserved ||
|-
| [[#DEST|DEST]] || || Destination Image Info
|-
| DGVW || private || Newtek DigiView
|-
| DLTA || || Image Data
|-
| DPI || || Dots Per Inch
|-
| DPPV || || DPaint Perspective (EA)
|-
| DRNG || || DPaint IV Enhanced Color Cycling (EA)
|-
| EPSF || || Encapsulated Postscript
|-
| FAX3 || private || GPSoftware FAX
|-
| FAXX || || Fascimile Image
|-
| FAXX.GPHD || || Additional Header Info for FAXX forms
|-
| [[#GRAB|GRAB]] || || Hotspot Coordinates
|-
| MFAX || private, reserved || TKR GmbH & Co.
|-
| PCHG || || Line-by-line Palette Control Information
|-
| PRVW || proposal || Preview (thumbnail)
|-
| SHAM || || Sliced HAM Color
|-
| [[#SPRT|SPRT]] || || Sprite Identifier
|-
| TMAP || reserved || Transparency Map
|-
| VTAG || proposal || Viewmode Tags
|-
| XBMI || || Extended Bitmap Information (Soft-Logik)
|-
| XSSL || || Identifier for 3D X-Specs Image (Haitex)

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Audio and Music
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| 16SV || ||
|-
| 8SVX || EA85 || 8-bit Sound Sample
|-
| 8SVX.CHAN.PAN || || Stereo chunks
|-
| 8SVX.SEQN.FADE || || Looping chunks
|-
| AHIM || private || AHI Modes
|-
| AHIM.AUDN || private || Audio Driver Name
|-
| AHIM.AUDD || private || Audio Driver Data
|-
| AHIM.AUDM || private || Audio Mode
|-
| AIFF || || Audio 1-32 bit Samples
|-
| BANK || private || Soundquest Editor/Librarian MIDI Sysex Dump
|-
| CELP || proposal || Compressed ZyXEL Voice Data
|-
| CMUS || proposal || Common Musical Score
|-
| GSCR || EA85 || General Music Score
|-
| MIDI || private || Circum Design
|-
| MSCX || private || Music-X Format
|-
| SAMP || || Sampled Sound
|-
| SYTH || private || SoundQuest Master Librarian MIDI System Driver
|-
| TRKR || proposal || MOD Tracker Music
|-
| USCR || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Score
|-
| UVOX || EA85, reserved || Uhuru Mac Voice

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Fonts
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| CPFM || private || Cloanto Personal Fontmaker
|-
| FNTR || EA85, reserved || Raster Font
|-
| FNTV || EA85, reserved || Vector Font

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Animation and Movies
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| AHAM || private ||
|-
| ANBM || || Animated Bitmap (Framer, Deluxe Video)
|-
| ANHD || || ANIM Frame
|-
| ANIM || || Cel Animation
|-
| ANIM.brush || || Brushes
|-
| ANIM.op6 || || Stereo, 3D Animation
|-
| ANIM.op7 || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ANIM.op8 || ||
|-
| DPAN || || Deluxe Paint Animation
|-
| FANT || || Fantavision Movie
|-
| FIGR || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| FILM || private || Store ILBM's with interleaved 8SVX audio
|-
| JMOV || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| MOVI || private || LIST MOVI
|-
| ROXN || private ||
|-
| VDEO || private || Deluxe Video
|-
| YAFA || private, unregistered || Wildfire Animation

|-
! colspan="3" align="left" style="background-color: #ddffdd;" | Unclassified, unknown, et cetera
|-
| style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''FOURCC'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Standard'' || style="background-color: #dddddd;" | ''Description''
|-
| ANFI || ||
|-
| ANSQ || ||
|-
| ARC || proposal || Archive Format
|-
| ARES || private, unregistered ||
|-
| ATXT || reserved ||
|-
| ATAK || ||
|-
| AVCF || private || AmigaVision Flow format
|-
| BBSD || private || BBS Database, F. Patnaude, Jr., Phalanx Software
|-
| C100 || private || Cloanto Italiaformat
|-
| CLIP || private || CAT CLIP, holds various clipboard formats
|-
| DECK || private || Inovatronics CanDo
|-
| DOC || private || PageStream
|-
| DPPS || ||
|-
| DTYP || || DataTypes Identification
|-
| EXEC || proposal || Executable Code
|-
| FACE || ||
|-
| FRED || private || ASDG Global Chunk
|-
| GMS || || Gesture and Motion Signal (see libGMS)
|-
| GUI || proposal, private || Graphical User Interface Storage
|-
| HEAD || || Flow Idea Processor, New Horizons Software
|-
| IMRT || ||
|-
| INFO || proposal || Contains data usually found in .info file
|-
| INS1 || ||
|-
| IOBJ || private, reserved || Seven Seas Software
|-
| IODK || private, reserved || Jean-Marc Porchet, Merging Technologies
|-
| ITRF || private, reserved ||
|-
| MHDR || ||
|-
| MSMP || reserved ||
|-
| MTRX || || Numerical Data Storage, MathVision - Seven Seas
|-
| NSEQ || private || Numerical Sequence, Stockhausen GmbH
|-
| PGTB || || Program Traceback (SAS Institute)
|-
| PMBC || proposal, reserved || Black Belt System, 1991-12-01
|-
| PREF || private, reserved || Commodore, User Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHI || private || AHI Global Preferences
|-
| PREF.AHIU || private || AHI Unit Preferences
|-
| PRSP || || DPaint IV Perspective Move
|-
| PTCH || private || Patch File, SAS Institute
|-
| RLSE || ||
|-
| SHAK || private || Shakespeare Format
|-
| SHDR || ||
|-
| SHO1 || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SHOW || private, reserved || Gary Bonham
|-
| SPLT || || ASDG's File Splitting System
|-
| SSRE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies, 1992-05-04
|-
| SWRT || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TCDE || private, reserved || Merging Technologies
|-
| TERM || private, unregistered ||
|-
| TINY || ||
|-
| TMUI || || Toolmaker IFF Project (Toolmaker v1.19)
|-
| TRAK || ||
|-
| VHDR || ||
|-
| WORD || || ProWrite Document, New Horizons
|-
| WOWO || private, unregistered || Wordworth
|}

==Chunks Internals==

Described below is how the '''data''' part of specific chunks are to be interpreted.

===BMHD===
Images are stored in planes. So, to get a pixels color value you need to combine the bits from each plane to create a color register index.

typedef struct {
uint16_t w; /* raster width in pixels */
uint16_t h; /* raster height in pixels */
int16_t x; /* x offset in pixels */
int16_t y; /* y offset in pixels */
uint8_t nplanes; /* # source bitplanes */
uint8_t masking; /* masking technique, 0 = mskNone, 1 = mskHasMask, 2 = mskHasTransparentColor, 3 = mskLasso */
uint8_t compression; /* compression algoithm, 0 = cmpNone, 1 = cmpByteRun1 */
uint8_t pad1; /* UNUSED. For consistency, put 0 here. */
uint16_t transparentColor; /* transparent "color number" */
uint8_t xaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
uint8_t yaspect; /* aspect ratio, a rational number x/y */
int16_t pagewidth; /* source "page" size in pixels */
int16_t pageheight; /* source "page" size in pixels */
} BitMapHeader;

===BODY===

The BODY's content is a concatenation of scanlines. Each scanline consists of one row of data for each plane, starting at plane 0, followed by one row of
masking data (if BMHD.maskinh = mskHasMask). If BMHD.compression = cmpNone, all '''h''' rows are exactly ceil('''w'''/16) uint16_t's wide.

====ByteRun1 Algorithm====

0 <= x <= 127 x+1 literals
-127 <= x <= -1 -x+1 times next byte
-128 unused

Each row of each scanline is compressed separately.

===CAMG===

typedef int32_t viewportMode;

===CMAP===

typedef struct {
struct {
uint8_t red;
uint8_t green;
uint8_t blue;
} colormap[chunk_size / 3];
} ColorMap;

===CCRT===

typedef struct {
int16_t direction; /* 0 = none, >0 = forwards, <0 = backwards */
uint8_t start; /* lower... */
uint8_t end; /* ...and upper color registers */
int32_t seconds; /* seconds between cycles */
int32_t microseconds; /* microseconds between cycles */
int16_t pad; /* 0 */
} CycleInfo;

===CRNG===

typedef struct {
int16_t pad1; /* 0 */
int16_t rate; /* color cycle rate, 16384 = 60Hz */
int16_t active; /* 0 = off, >0 = on */
uint8_t low; /* lower... */
uint8_t high; /* ...and upper color registers */
} CRange;

===DEST===

typedef struct {
uint8_t depth; /* # bitplanes in the original source */
uint8_t pad1; /* 0 */
uint16_t planePick; /* how to scatter source bitplanes into destination */
uint16_t planeOnOff; /* default bitplane data for planePick */
uint16_t planeMask; /* which bitplanes to store into
} DestMerge;

===GRAB===

Hotspot, relative to the upper left corner. Think ''mouse cursor'' or ''paint brush''.

typedef struct {
int16_t x;
int16_t y;
} Point2D;

===SPRT===

typedef uint16_t SpritePrecedence; /* relative precedence; 0 is highest */

[[Category:Image Formats]]
[[Category:Container Formats]]
[[Category:Commodore Amiga Image Formats]]
[[Category:Atari ST Image Formats]]

IFF

2008-05-03T16:13:06Z

Ivo: BODY and ByteRun1 algorithm

IFF

2008-05-03T16:05:23Z

Ivo: /* BMHD */ masking techniques and compression algorithms

IFF

2008-05-03T16:01:48Z

Ivo: describe CAMG, DEST and SPRT

IFF

2008-05-03T14:34:53Z

Ivo: /* Chunks Internals */ cosmetics

IFF

2008-05-03T14:33:29Z

Ivo: /* Chunks Internals */ use standard names for structs

IFF

2008-05-03T14:29:10Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ typo

IFF

2008-05-03T14:28:38Z

Ivo: describe GRAB

IFF

2008-05-03T14:25:28Z

Ivo: move chunk padding remark to generic chunk format; note that the possible padding byte is nog included in chunk_size

IFF

2008-05-03T14:22:42Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Chunks */ link cmap

IFF

2008-05-03T14:21:47Z

Ivo: /* Chunks Internals */ describe CMAP

IFF

2008-05-03T14:19:13Z

Ivo: /* Generic Chunk Format */ size --> chunk_size

IFF

2008-05-03T14:17:29Z

Ivo: sample of chunked file

IFF

2008-05-03T13:59:28Z

Ivo: generic chunk format

IFF

2008-05-03T13:54:51Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Forms/Chunks FOURCC's */ link BMHD with description

IFF

2008-05-03T13:45:34Z

Ivo: reorder

IFF

2008-05-03T11:47:11Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Forms/Chunks FOURCC's */ more chunks

IFF

2008-05-03T11:38:09Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Forms/Chunks FOURCC's */ more chunks

IFF

2008-05-03T11:17:26Z

Ivo: /* Table Of Forms/Chunks FOURCC's */ again, more fourcc's