YCbCr 4:1:0

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YUV 4:1:0 indicates a planar YUV colorspace where a 4x4 block of pixels in an image is represented by 16 Y samples, 1 for each pixel, but all 16 pixels share a U sample and a V sample.

If YUV 4:1:0 data is stored in YUV9 or IFO9 format, it is stored with all of its Y data first, then its U data, then its V data. YVU9 data swaps the U and V planes.

For trivia, the 9 in YUV9/YVU9 most likely refers to the number of bits needed to represent a single pixel. Since 18 bytes, or 144 bits represent 16 pixels, an average of 9 bits are required to represent a single pixel in this scheme.